The Intersection of Genes, the Environment, and Crime and Delinquency

Résumé du livre

The discipline of criminology has been dominated by social and environmental explanations to crime, criminality, and delinquency. At the same time, biogenic theories of antisocial behavior have historically been marginalized, ridiculed, and ignored by criminologists. This is somewhat surprising given the large and ever-expanding body of empirical research revealing strong genetic underpinnings to most behaviors and most personality traits. However, recent behavioral genetic research has shown that the most accurate explanations to human development incorporate both biological/genetic factors and social influences. The current dissertation builds off this line of literature and uses a genetically-sensitive subsample of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) to examine whether genetic forces combine with the social environment to create antisocial behaviors. Specifically, five different genetic polymorphisms (DAT1, DRD2, DRD4, 5HTT, and MAOA) are used to test for gene X environment correlations and gene X environment interactions in the etiology of crime and delinquency. The results of the multivariate models revealed genetic influences are important contributors to the field of criminology. The most consistent effects, however, were found when examining gene X environment correlations and gene X environment interactions. The implications for criminology and criminologists are discussed.