Safe Haven

Résumé du livre

This Refugee Policy Group study was based on extensive interviews with individuals concerned with asylum and safe haven issues and a conference at the Wingspread Conference Facility in June 1986. It is the contention of the authors that US policies for handling direct arrivals of immigrants who have fled potentially life-threatening situations are inadequate. Its inadequacy, they argue, results in large part from a failure to come to terms with the fact that the United States is, and is likely to remain, a country of first asylum for individuals who migrate for complicated reasons. The US attitude is divided between a recognition of the historical role of immigrants and a concern over insufficient control. There is a need for a mechanism recognized in statute through which the United States can respond to the presence of humanitarian exiles who are not covered under existing refugee law. For those who cannot demonstrate refugee bona fides, there are few mechanisms within the US or other Western nations for admitting them or providing them protection. Faced with the inadequacy of the asylum system for dealing with humanitarian concerns when the migrants are not refugees, the United States has granted safe haven to members of some nationalities, albeit on a discretionary basis with ad hoc mechanisms. In passing the Refugee Act, the US recognized certain special circumstances, but it must also be asked whether there are other categories of people deserving protection because they have fled dangerous situations. The authors examine the past and present mechanisms and options, extended voluntary departure as the primary mechanism and the international legal bases for providing safe haven. They compare the safe haven mechanism and humanitarian response in a number of industrialized countries (Canada, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Federal Republic of Germany and Spain) and conclude with an overview of the issues and concerns regarding US safe haven practices, including recommendations for future policies.